Date of Award
Spring 5-9-2026
Document Type
Honors Thesis
Department/Major
Communication Studies
First Advisor
Elizabeth DeVelder
Second Advisor
Monica Iverson
Third Advisor
Shelly Grinde
Keywords
Language development, screen time, children
Subject Categories
Speech and Hearing Science | Speech Pathology and Audiology
Abstract
Screen time has become an increasingly prominent part of early childhood, particularly following shifts in daily routines after the COVID-19 pandemic. This literature review examines how screen time affects language development in children ages three to five, a critical developmental period for expressive and receptive language skills. The review synthesizes current research on the use of passive and interactive screens and their associations with language acquisition, cognitive development, social communication, and physical health outcomes. Across studies, a consistent pattern emerges: excessive screen time is strongly associated with delayed language milestones, reduced social communication skills, poorer sleep quality, and increased physical health risks. While some research suggests that limited, developmentally appropriate interactive screen use may offer minor benefits, these advantages are highly dependent on supervision, content quality, and duration and do not outweigh the documented risks. A key concern identified in the literature is that screen exposure often replaces face-to-face interactions necessary for language development, limiting children's opportunities to engage in meaningful communication. Although many studies rely on parent-reported data, which may introduce bias, the overall body of evidence consistently supports the conclusion that excessive screen time poses a risk to healthy language development. These findings underscore the need for intentional limitations on screen use and increased emphasis on real-world interaction. Educating caregivers on appropriate screen time practices is essential to promoting optimal language, social, and cognitive development in early childhood.
Recommended Citation
Sherman, Alyssa R., "How Screen Time Affects Language Development in Children Ages Three to Five Years" (2026). Honors Thesis. 433.
https://red.library.usd.edu/honors-thesis/433